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Prikaz knjige ”Fizika Sunca” dr Dragana Gajića | Astronomsko Drustvo ALFA
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Prikaz knjige ”Fizika Sunca” dr Dragana Gajića


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November 17, 2005 on 7:42 pm | In Uncategorized | No Comments

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Krajem oktobra iz štampe je izašla još jedna knjiga posvećena astrofizici. To je ”Fizika Sunca” u izdanju niške ”Prosvete” i Prirodno-matematičkog fakulteta iz Niša. Njen autor je prof. dr Dragan Gajić, koji na Odseku za fiziku pomenutog fakulteta predaje Osnove astrofizike.

suncekorice.jpg

Ovo je jedan od retkih udžbenika naših autora posvećen korpusu tzv. ”posebnih”, užih, oblasti astrofizike. Knjiga je namenjena studentima fizike, ali je, s obzirom na stil kojim je napisana, pristupačna i onim ”zaljubljenicima” astrofizike koji ne poseduju formalno obrazovanje iz oblasti fizike, astronomije ili matematike. Naime, tekst knjige nije opterećen formulama i jednačinama, koje bi stručnjacima omogućile, kako to autor sam navodi, mnogo jasnije sagledavanje onoga ”što je pisac rečima hteo da kaže”. Njegova ideja bila je ”da širi krug čitalaca, koji nisu specijalisti u oblasti astrofizike, ne odbacuje knjigu na ”prvi” pogled, zaplašen ”matematičko-fizičkim aparatom”, koji bi, logično, u njoj trebalo da bude prisutan. Upravo širem čitalačkom krugu namenjene su brojne fusnote ili posebno izdvojeni delovi teksta, što treba da olakša razumevanje izložene materije i da obrati pažnju na, još uvek, nerešene probleme fizike Sunca.”

Ova, štamparski kvalitetno opremljena knjiga napisana je na 270 strana. Bogato je ilustrovana i sadrži oko 150 znalački odabranih ilustracija (fotografija i crteža) u boji. Sadržaj knjige organizovan je u sedam glava. U spisku literature navedeno je 40 naslova knjiga, kao i korišćena periodika, a dat je i registar pojmova i imena, kao i prilog sa osnovnim podacima o Suncu.

Prva glava odnosi se na mesto koje Sunce ima u religijama, mitovima i legendama drevnih naroda. Time se ilustruje značaj i interes za proučavanje nama najbliže zvezde tokom istorije ljudske civilizacije. Pritom se često ističe aspekt tzv. solarne političke mitologije – verovanja da postoji generička veza između božanstava, koja oličavaju Sunce, i osnivača velikih vladarskih dinastija, koje su ”upravljale” svetom i određivale njegovu istoriju. Jasno je da tekst ove glave ne tretira fiziku Sunca, ali, kako ističe i sam autor ”poznavanje njegove suštine obavezni je deo kulture obrazovanog čoveka”.

U drugoj glavi knjige razmatra se položaj Sunca u Galaksiji. Istovremeno daju se i osnovni pojmovi o galaksijama, njihovoj klasifikaciji i karakteristikama.

Treća glava posvećena je razmatranju opštih astronomskih i astrofizičkih podataka vezanih za Sunce.

Četvrta, peta i delom šesta glava predstavljaju okosnicu knjige. U četvrtoj glavi autor se bavi unutrašnjom građom Sunca. Obrađeni su izvori energije Sunca i mehanizmi njenog prenosa. Dati su osnovni elementi standardnog modela unutrašnje građe Sunca i, sa tim u vezi, istaknut je značaj helioseizmologije i aktuelni problem detekcije solarnih neutrina.

Atmosferi Sunca posvećena je peta glava knjige. Detaljno su opisane fotosfera, hromosfera i korona, kao i brojne manifestacije Sunčeve aktivnosti. Za pohvalu je trud autora da, na što jednostavniji način, kad god je to moguće, objasni mehanizme ovih procesa.

Ciklusi Sunčevih aktivnosti i njihove geofizičke posledice obrađeni su u šestoj glavi knjige. U tom kontekstu, dosta široko, opisuju se magnetno polje Zemlje i njena magnetosfera, a istaknute su i analogije i razlike sa magnetosferama Jupitera i Saturna.

Sedma glava knjige posvećena je pomračenjima Sunca. Iako i ova glava, na prvi pogled, odudara od opšte koncepcije knjige, značaj pomračenja za izučavanje Sunca, kao i atraktivnost ove astronomske pojave, puno su opravdanje za njeno elaboriranje u tekstu. Autor napominje da su ”za savremenog čoveka uvredljiva besmislena upozorenja da se od ”dodatnih zračenja prilikom pomračenja Sunca treba štiti boravkom u zatvorenim i zamračenim prostorijama”, te takve tvrdnje treba odbaciti kao notorne gluposti”.

Za svaku pohvalu je objavljivanje knjige ”Fizika Sunca” prof. dr Dragana Gajića. Studenti fizike i astrofizike dobili su koristan udžbenik, a zaljubljenici u kosmičke prostore i zbivanja u njima bogato ilustrovano i naučno interesantno štivo, koje će doprineti proširivanju ili obnavljanju znanja. Hrabri činjenica da naši autori sve češće pišu, ali i objavljuju, knjige iz oblasti astrofizike. Treba očekivati da će se takvi trendovi nastaviti, što će konačno suzbiti medijsku preplavljenost kvazi i nadrinaučnim sadržajima i tumačenjima kosmičkih pojava, čemu ogroman broj naših građana lakoverno naseda.

Prof. dr Božidar Vujičić
redovni profesor Departmana za fiziku
Prirodno-matematičkog fakulteta u Novom Sadu

* * *

Knjiga se može kupiti u knjižarama niške izdavačke kuće ”Prosveta” ili naručiti direktno od autora (po ceni od 700 dinara + poštanski troškovi) na mejl adresi: dgaja@junis.ni.ac.yu ili preko telefona 064/1522-390, 063/1045-5155 i 018/365-390.

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